China

China is a country located within Asia. It is also one of the few countries remaining to continue to adopt communism, although it was also intermingled with some capitalist procedures.

History
China was the one of three countries (alongside America and Russia) to be part of a power-hungry group called the Philosophers. Together the three countries established a massive cache of funds, enough to fuel many world wars called the Philosophers' Legacy. After World War II, China, as well as Russia (as the Soviet Union) and the United States, became involved in a decades-long political conflict: the Cold War, both due to a power struggle over the control of the Philosopher's Legacy, which was stolen by one of their accountants, as well as due to the fact that the Soviets relinquished funding towards China's nuclear weapons projects, resulting in them lagging behind.

During 1964, the Chinese government sent a female spy, posing as a defected NSA operative named EVA, to steal the Philosophers' Legacy so they could have a chance to catch up to the Soviets and America in terms of weapons development, and presumably to get battle data on the Shagohod. The Chinese government also gave her orders to kill anyone she was involved with to silence them in regards to her involvement, but she decided not to due to a promise made to The Boss. They ended up getting a fake microfilm of the Philosopher's Legacy, and as a result, they attempted to execute her until she went into hiding in Vietnam.

Post-Snake Eater
Despite EVA's blunder in regards to recovering the Philosopher's Legacy, the Chinese nonetheless managed to accomplish its first nuclear test, codenamed 596, at Lop Nor, China on October 16th, 1964.

It is unknown whether the Chinese Philosophers would have been affected by Gene's plans of launching an ICBMG into Virginia, USA to get rid of both the American and Russian Philosophers, although Gene implies with his reasoning that he intends to free the Philosopher's control that they would have been similarly affected. Likewise, it is also never mentioned whether the Chinese philosophers were in any way affected with the Philosophers' reorganization into the Patriots.

By the end of the Cold War, the Chinese still managed to utilize a policy Nuclear Deterrence.

During the Shadow Moses Incident in late February of 2005, Liquid Snake decided to launch one of Metal Gear REX's stealth nukes at Lop Nor, China instead of Chernoton, Russia as it was originally intended, partially out of respect for Ocelot and Gurlukovich, although it was more specifically because launching at Lop Nor, a nuclear test site, would still allow the events to be covered up instead of going into a nuclear war and thus ending any and all possible negotiations. As a consequence, the Chinese and the United States will also be pitted against each other, resulting in America being forced to reveal REX's development as well as its other secrets, and allowing Liquid Snake to sell REX to the highest bidder. Also, President Sears attempted to negotiate about an amendment to the ABM missile treaty via START III because of criticisms from both the Chinese and the Russians about the National Missile Defense program.

Behind the scenes
In an abandoned plot element for Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty, it was intended for the Patriots to be wary about Solid Snake due to his possibly being a Chinese spy.