Afghanistan

Afghanistan, officially known as the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a land-locked country in the northern portion of the Middle East, bordered by Pakistan to the south and east, Iran in the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast.

History
During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union spread their influence in Afghanistan, which led in 1979 to a bloody war between the U.S.-backed Mujahideen and Soviet-led Afghan government forces. Revolver Ocelot was involved in the conflict, where he was feared by the Mujahideen as "Shalashaska" due to his brutal interrogator skills.

In 1984, Kazuhira Miller and some Diamond Dogs soldiers were caught in an ambush by Soviet forces, with all but Miller being killed. Miller in particular was taken prisoner and brutally interrogated, losing his left arm and leg in the process. His sunglasses had been left at the battlefield. Big Boss rescued Kazuhira Miller during this war, who had been tortured by the Soviets in the country. Revolver Ocelot also aided Big Boss in this mission from Mother Base, although he could only go as far as Spugmay Ruins before leaving Big Boss after rescuing him from the hospital, feeling Big Boss needed to do it by himself on the field to regain his legendary title of Big Boss. Big Boss then arrived at one of the Soviets' outposts in the Afghani region and the closest one in vicinity, Da Wiallo Kallai, and managed to find intel files supplying the specific location of Miller, and transferred the files over to Ocelot at Mother Base shortly after scanning the documents.

Although the Mujahideen were successful in driving out the Soviets, their inability to form a stable government and their subsequent infighting, resulted in a new armed movement, the Taliban, coming to power. The Taliban government's suspected links with terrorist group al-Qaeda, led the U.S. to launch the War in Afghanistan in response to the 9/11 attacks in 2001. Future mercenaries Boris Vyacheslavovich Popov, Sundowner and Mistral participated in this war, while international journalist Holly White reported on events there.

Geography
Afghanistan was largely rocky and arid, with sandstorms being somewhat frequent.

Fauna
Sheep and horses were prevalent in the area.

Locations

 * Spugmay Ruins
 * Da Wiallo Kallai

Behind the scenes
The map for Afghanistan in Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain was based on Jordan, according to Hideo Kojima in a podcast.